AGK, OPS & air law

Formulas appendix021 / 070 / 010

021 Aircraft general knowledge

Formula —

Ohm’s law: V = I × R | Power: P = V × I = I²R

Formula —

Hydroplaning (kt) = 9 × √P (psi) | Generator freq: F = rpm × pole pairs / 60

Key fact

Stoichiometric fuel/air ratio ≈ 15:1 by weight. Typical AC supply: 115 V RMS, 400 Hz 3-phase.

070 Operational procedures

Key fact

CAT I: DH 200 ft, RVR 550 m | CAT II: DH 100 ft, RVR 300 m | CAT III B: RVR 75 m. Jets 60% LDA; turboprops 70%.

Key fact

Contaminated runway: over 25% coverage with over 3 mm water/slush/snow/ice. Wet = under 3 mm water.

Key fact

Wake: Heavy over 136 000 kg | Medium 7 000–136 000 kg | Light under 7 000 kg. 2 min separation behind heavy (3 min same runway).

010 Air law (key numbers)

Key fact

Approach categories by 1.3 × VREF: A under 91 kt, B 91–120, C 121–140, D 141–165, E 166–210 kt.

Key fact

MSA = 1000 ft clearance within 25 NM (2000 ft mountainous). Braking: 0.4 = good (5) down to under 0.25 = poor (1).

Key fact

Holding speeds: up to FL140 230 kt (170 kt turb); FL140–200 240 kt; FL200–340 265 kt; above FL340 M0.83.

Formula —

Conversions: kg × 2.2 = lb | USG × 3.785 = L | 1 m = 3.28 ft