061 General Navigation

EASA code: 061

General Navigation covers the earth and celestial mechanics, magnetic compass theory, chart projections, dead-reckoning, and pilot navigation techniques.

Chapters

1. Earth & solar system — declination, days, GC/RL, earth shape
2. Magnetism — TVMDC, variation, deviation, grid
3. Charts — Mercator, Lambert, polar stereographic
4. Navigation — wind triangle, 1-in-60, DR, PNR
5. Key notes — quick pre-exam cram

Exam focus

• Chart properties and scale
• Compass turning errors and magnetic variation
• Time, sunrise/sunset, and declination relationships
• Track error, ground speed, and point of no return